171 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
171 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
# Instructivo: Ejecutar un servicio Python con launchd en macOS
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## Objetivo
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Ejecutar un servicio de Python de forma automática utilizando `launchd`.
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## Estructura sugerida
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``` text
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/Users/george/services/sap_sunat/
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.venv/
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main.py
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config.ini
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logs/
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stdout.log
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stderr.log
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```
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## Verificar el entorno virtual
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Activar:
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``` bash
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source .venv/bin/activate
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```
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Obtener el intérprete:
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``` bash
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which python
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```
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Usar esa ruta en `ProgramArguments`.
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## Archivo .plist
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Ubicación recomendada para un usuario:
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``` text
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~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.george.sap.sunat.plist
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```
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Claves habituales:
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- `Label`
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- `ProgramArguments`
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- `WorkingDirectory`
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- `RunAtLoad`
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- `KeepAlive`
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- `StandardOutPath`
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- `StandardErrorPath`
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## Comentarios
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Se permiten comentarios XML:
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``` xml
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<!-- Comentario -->
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```
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También se pueden comentar bloques completos de claves.
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## Cargar el servicio
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``` bash
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launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.george.sap.sunat.plist
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```
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En versiones recientes también:
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``` bash
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launchctl bootstrap gui/$(id -u) ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.george.sap.sunat.plist
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```
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## Verificar
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``` bash
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launchctl list | grep sap
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```
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Información detallada:
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``` bash
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launchctl print gui/$(id -u)/com.george.sap.sunat
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```
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## Detener
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``` bash
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launchctl unload ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.george.sap.sunat.plist
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```
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o
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``` bash
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launchctl bootout gui/$(id -u) ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.george.sap.sunat.plist
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```
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## Monitorización
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Monitor de Actividad: - Buscar `python` o `python3`.
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Terminal:
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``` bash
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ps -ef | grep python
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```
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Consumo:
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``` bash
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ps -o pid,rss,vsz,%cpu,command -p <PID>
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```
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Ver logs:
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``` bash
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tail -f logs/stdout.log
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tail -f logs/stderr.log
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```
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## Recomendaciones
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- Usar `logging` con rotación.
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- Manejar reconexión a SAP HANA.
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- Implementar reintentos para SUNAT.
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- Mantener configuración en `config.ini` o `.env`.
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- Capturar `SIGTERM` para cerrar conexiones correctamente.
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- Si el servicio es permanente, controlar internamente la frecuencia
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de ejecución (cada 10 s entre 06:00 y 13:15; cada 30 min entre 13:15
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y 14:00).
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## Ejemplo de archivo .plist
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```xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN"
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"http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
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<plist version="1.0">
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<dict>
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<key>Label</key>
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<string>com.george.sap.sunat</string>
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<key>ProgramArguments</key>
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<array>
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<string>/Users/george/services/sap_sunat/.venv/bin/python</string>
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<string>/Users/george/services/sap_sunat/main.py</string>
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</array>
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<key>WorkingDirectory</key>
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<string>/Users/george/services/sap_sunat</string>
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<key>RunAtLoad</key>
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<true/>
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<key>KeepAlive</key>
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<true/>
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<key>StandardOutPath</key>
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<string>/Users/george/services/sap_sunat/logs/stdout.log</string>
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<key>StandardErrorPath</key>
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<string>/Users/george/services/sap_sunat/logs/stderr.log</string>
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</dict>
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</plist>
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``` |